Decision Styles in Fundraising: It’s Not About What Moves You – It’s About What Moves Them

Decision Styles in Fundraising: It’s Not About What Moves You – It’s About What Moves Them

When I worked at the University of South Carolina from 2005 to 2010, I was proud of the cases I built. I wrote compelling scripts and talking points for our phonathon team – clear, detailed, airtight.

I led with numbers, and they were good ones. I talked about the decline in state support, the rising importance of a college degree in the job market, and the long-term economic impact of thriving public universities. I knew the statistics on student loan debt inside and out. I framed the problem clearly and gave donors a chance to be part of the solution.

And it worked. To a point.

​Looking back, those appeals were sharp – but they leaned heavily on logic and numbers. That clicked with some donors. But others? Not so much. Those appeals weren’t wrong. They were just incomplete for the wide range of minds we’re trying to reach.

---

My Journey to StorytellinG

Fast forward to 2012. I was at The University of Southern Mississippi, learning how to write copy for direct mail. I started ghostwriting letters for different deans, department chairs, and students. At first, I stuck to what I knew: the stats. But it didn’t feel like enough.

I needed a broader emotional range.

So I started interviewing the letter signers, weaving in their voices and their vision – what this place meant to them, not just what they wanted donors to do. That’s when I started seeing the power of storytelling.

When I came to work at Starr King School for the Ministry in 2015, I had to stretch again. The usual notes in higher ed fundraising – nostalgia, school pride, career outcomes – didn’t resonate with a justice-minded, largely layperson donor base. These were Unitarian Universalists who cared deeply about their values and how the school perpetuated those values in the world.

I needed to connect the dots with emotion, shared purpose, and a clear sense of what their giving could do.
​
That meant telling stories that didn’t just inform – they moved people.

---

Why I Went Looking for a FrameworK

Somewhere along the way, I realized this shift wasn’t just about moving from stats to stories. It was about recognizing how different people make decisions.

One person might want the spreadsheet. Another wants the story. A third just wants the ask – clear and bold. And someone else? They want to feel like they’re part of something bigger before they commit to anything at all.

That’s when I remembered a model I’d seen back in 2007, from Mark Murphy at Leadership IQ. It mapped out the four main persuasion styles – and it helped me understand why my old appeals worked for some and left others cold.
​
Here’s the gist:

---

The 4 Donor Decision Styles – and How to Speak to EacH

There are two axes:
• Emotional → Unemotional
• Linear → Freeform

Put those together, and you get four types of decision-makers:

---

1. The Data Scientist (Unemotional & Linear)

This is where I naturally live. I want the stats. I want the logic. I want the argument that makes sense.

If you're reading this post and wondering, “Where’s the ROI?” – you might be here too.
​
That’s the kind of appeal I built early in my career. And it worked with people like me. But that’s not most donors.

---

2. The Closer (Unemotional & Freeform)

Think of the board member who scans your whole appeal in 14 seconds and writes the check anyway.

They don’t need the backstory. They just want the point. What do you need, what will it do, and how much are you asking?
​
Closers are decisive. If you wander, they’re gone. You need to be bold, clear, and fast.

---

3. The Director (Emotional & Linear)

These folks are organized and thoughtful. They care about the story and the structure. Think of the alum who replies with a thoughtful email after every annual report – who joins the volunteer committee and follows up on the agenda.
​
They want a beginning, a middle, and an end. They respond when you connect emotionally but still give them a path to act.

---

4. The Storyteller (Emotional & Freeform)

Picture the alum who tears up thinking about the choir trip to Italy in 1983. They’re not interested in bullet points. They’re here for the moment – the meaning.
​
They want to feel something. And if your message is too structured or too clinical, they’ll check out. But if you pull them in with a meaningful quote or a powerful scene, they’ll stay – and they’ll give.

---

So What Does This Mean for Fundraisers?

In major gifts, you can tailor every ask. You’re sitting across from one person, learning what moves them, and crafting your pitch accordingly.

But in annual giving? You’re writing to the whole list. That means your appeal has to layer styles – something for each persuasion type.

• Stats and logic for the Data Scientists
• Clear action steps for the Closers
• Warm structure for the Directors
• Emotional storytelling for the Storytellers

---

Bottom Line: Write to Reach Them All

Don’t write the appeal that would convince you. Write the one that can meet your donors where they are – all of them.

When you're working on your next appeal, ask yourself:

• Does it have a story?
• Is there data to back it up?
• Is it structured clearly?
• Is there a moment of emotion?
• Is there a clear ask?

​
Fundraising is communication. And great communication connects.

---

Need help building appeals that speak to all four styles?

This is one of my favorite things to teach. Reach out – I’ve got frameworks, real-world examples, and plenty of lessons learned the hard way.

Cheers!
​
Jessica

P.S. Like this kind of insight? Subscribe to Real Deal Fundraising and get my best articles, tools, and curated resources every week – including webinars, videos, and free downloads.

SUBSCRIBE

If you liked this…

• Don’t Add Another Event Until You Read This
• Why Most Fundraising Plans Fail (and How to Build One That Doesn’t)
• The Problem with Totes and T-Shirts: Why Freebies Can Undermine Fundraising
• Phonathons Are STILL Not Dead – Busting the Biggest Myths About Calling Donors
• How to Build a Philanthropy Calendar That Drives Digital Donations